6.1  What You Will Learn

Multicarrier modulation schemes have been adopted in several recent communication standards. The basic concept of a multicarrier system is to split the bistream into K “sub-bitstreams” and transmit them in parallel over a given channel H. A distinct carrier frequency, called subcarrier or tone in this context, is associated to each sub-bitstream. This scheme is similar to frequency division multiplexing (FDM), but in multicarrier all sub-bitstreams are derived from a unique bitstream instead of being independent signal sources as typically found in FDM. In the multicarrier literature, the frequency bandwidth used by each substream is called subchannel. Each subchannel uses a bandwidth Δf for its respective individual substream, which is smaller than the total bandwidth BW of H used to transmit all substreams. This has an impact on the ISI that the channel imposes to each substream and simplifies the equalization process at the receiver.