Accumulator DSP register, 1039
ADC chip, 16
All-poles, 1083
Allpass filters, 866
Almost periodic, 116
Almost-periodic signals, 131
Analog signal, 6
Analytic signal, 809
Autocorrelation function, 1503
AWGN, 307

Bandform transformation, 865
Bandwidth definitions, 808
Bias of an estimator, 1589
Bilateral bandwidth, 808
Bilinear transformation, 879, 884
Bin (DFT/FFT), 525
Bin (histogram), 98
Bin-centered signal, 525
Block-based processing, 61
Bode diagram, 799
Bridge taps, 1089

Circular convolution, 741
Codebook, 221
Coefficients, transform, 418
Complex-valued signals, 72
Contraction, 34
Convolution, 712
Correlation, 283
Correlation coefficient, 284
Covariance, 284, 1517
Cramér-Rao bound, 1589
Critically-sampled signal, 769
Cross-correlation, 306
Cyclic convolution, 741
Cyclic frequency, 1540

D transform, 611
dBc, 1609
Decay rate, 781
Decoding (quantization), 257
Decorrelation, 1336, 1594
DFT bin, 525
Difference equation, 691
Differentiator, 969
Digital signal, 6
Digital signal processor (DSP), 16
Dilation, 34
Dot product, 409
Double-sided bandwidth, 808
Downsampler, 1055
DSP, 378
Dual-Tone Multi-Frequency (DTMF), 1367
Dynamic range, 237

Electrocardiogram (ECG), 5
Ensemble average, 289
Ergodic, 1524
Ergodicity, 289
Estimation theory, 1588
Estimator, 1588
Even and odd parts of a signal, 81
Even signal, 81

FFT algorithms, 456
FFT bin, 525
Field programmable gate array (FPGA), 16
Filter design, 838
Filter memory, 997
Filter realization, 838, 996
Filter Visualization Tool (Matlab), 866
Filters, 692
Fixed-point representation, 262
Flat top window, 1381
Flat-top window, 1155
Floating-point representation, 274
Folding frequency, 530
Fractional bandwidth, 814
Frame-based processing, 61
Frequency estimation, 1142
Frequency response, 688, 724
Frequency scaling, 863
Frequency-selective channel, 1093
Fundamental period, 111

Gaussian filter, 823
Gibbs phenomenon, 479
Goertzel algorithm, 1330
Granular region of a quantizer, 230
Group delay, 815

Halfband filters, 866
Hamming window, 1154
Hann window, 1154
Harmonics, 489
Hermitian symmetry, 298, 493
Histogram, 98

i. i. d. - Independent and identically distributed, 382
i. i. d. random process, 1519
Imaging due to upsampling, 1055
Impedance scaling, 865
Impulses, 48
Initial value theorem, 592
Inner product, 409
Insertion frequency response, 1616
Insertion loss, 1612
Interpolation, 153
Inverse transform, 418

Kaiser window, 1155

Leakage, spectrum, 647
Least significant bit (LSB), 230
Least-squares FIR design, 969
Levinson-Durbin algorithm, 1351
Likelihood function, 109
Linear constant-coefficient difference equation (LCCDE), 691
Linear predictive coding, 1336, 1596
Lossless operation, 25
Lossy operation, 17

Matched Z-transform, 581
Minimum-phase systems, 1040
MMSE estimator, 1589
Modified periodogram, 1282
Monic signal, 1342
Moore-Penrose pseudoinverse, 1457
Multiple input/multiple output (MIMO), 687
Multirate processing, 1048
Multivariate signal, 5

Natural frequency, 698, 781
Noise floor, 1301
Notch filter, 872
Nyquist frequency, 212, 444, 530
Nyquist sampling, 769
Nyquist zone, 767

Odd signal, 81
Offset binary output coding, 261
Outlier, 237
Overload region of a quantizer, 230
Oversampling, 139
Oversampling factor, 139

Parametric modeling, 862
Partial fraction decomposition, 1422
Passband sampling, 754
PCM, 335
Periodic convolution, 741
Periodogram, 1282
Perpendicular, 411
Picket-fence effect, 1203
PID controller, 927, 964
Pole-zero placement, 872
Power spectral density (PSD), 1142
Power spectrum, 1142
Pre-warping, 928
Pre-warping in bilinear transformation, 931
Prediction error, 1333
Probability density function, 1478
probability density function, 101
Probability mass function, 1478
probability mass function, 101
Prototype filter, 865
Pseudoinverse, 1457
PSNR, 676

Quadrature (signal), 72
Quadrature sampling, 73
Quality factor, 807
Quantization, 221
Quantization error, 228
Quantization noise, 320
Quantization SNR, 321
Quantizer, 221
Quasi-periodic, 116

Ramp signal, 578
Real-valued signals, 72
Reciprocal of a complex number, 1040
Reconstruction (signal), 153
Rect function, 51
Rectangle method, 329, 1436
Reflected transfer function, 1345
Region of convergence (ROC), Laplace transform, 554
Residue, 1010
Ripple in frequency response, 853
RMS value, 130
Rounding, 222

Sampled signal, 74
Sampled to discrete-time (S/D) conversion, 147
Samples per second (SPS), 25
Sampling, 131
Sampling theorem, 171
Saturation region of a quantizer, 230
Scaling and shifting, 33
Scalloping loss, 1166, 1215
Second order sections (SOS), 1010
Shannon-Whittaker interpolation formula, 749
Short-time Fourier transform, 1360
Sign extension, 261
Signal, 5
Signal-to-noise ratio, 17
Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), 313
Signal-to-quantization-noise ratio, 17
Single input/single output (SISO), 687
Spectral factorization, 1342
Spectral flatness measure, 1594
Spectrogram, 1361
Spectrum, 494
Standard Gaussian, 92
Stationarity, 1518
Stride, 63
Superposition, 1634
Support (signal), 37
Support of a PDF, 109
Switched-capacitor filters, 1385
System function, 688

Tap (filter), 966
Time advance and delay rules, 33
Time constant (system), 780
Time shift, 33
Transfer function, 688
Truncation, 222
Tustin’s bilinear method, 879
Twiddle factor, 451

Unbiased estimator, 1589
Uncorrelated random variables, 285
Undersampling, 754
Unilateral Laplace transform, 579
Unilateral spectrum, 502
Unitary DFT, 442
Unitary matrix, 418
Upsampler, 1048

Vector quantization, 626

Wavelets, 461
White Gaussian noise (WGN), 299
White signal, 299
Whittaker-Shannon interpolation formula, 749
Wiener-Khinchin theorem, 1253
Window shift, 63

Yule-Walker equations, 1351

Zero-padding, 291, 528, 618
Zeros and poles, 566